Spanish Nationality


SPANISH NATIONALITY

If you think that you can apply for Spanish citizenship, the application process can now be done online, which makes things easier, faster and safer.

However, there is a condition; the test about the cultural and constitutional knowledge, compulsory by law. Also, if you come from a non-Spanish speaking country, the test of level of Spanish for foreigners, done by the Institute Cervantes (A2).

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WAYS TO REQUEST THE NATIONALITY:

The different ways to obtain the nationality are:

A) Citizenship by residence

It will be required to have lived continuously in Spain at least 10 years in a legal way, prior to the date of the application.

This is the general term, however, some exceptions in which the residence period is reduced; these are:

  • Five years: for the granting of Spanish nationality to those persons who have obtained refugee status.
  • Two years: for nationals of Latin American countries, Andorra, Philippines, Equatorial Guinea, Portugal or people of Sephardic descent.
  • One year:
    • If the solicitor was born in Spain but did not properly exercise the right to acquire the nationality.
    • EIf she/he that has been legally subject to guardianship (under the supervision of a tutor), guardian or foster care (there must exist a resolution of the public entity that legally recognises the foster care) by a Spanish individual or entity for at least two years in a row.
    • The person who, at the time of the request, has been married at least a year to a Spanish and is not separated legally or in fact.
    • The widower or widow of a Spanish citizen, if at the time of the spouse’s death were not separated, legally or in fact.
    • The individual born outside Spain whose parents are also born outside Spain, but have the Spanish nationality, same with the grandfather or grandmother.

In addition, the applicant must demonstrate good civic behaviour, and sufficient degree of integration in Spanish society.

Who can apply / submit the application:

  • The applicant, as long as is older than 18 years old or is emancipated.
  • The minor older than 14 who is assisted by the legal representative.
  • The legal representative of the minor younger than 14 years old.
  • The person with the legal capacity modified by law or the legal representative of that person, depending on the level of modification.

Additional information

Documents that an adult solicitor should provide:

  1. Standard application form: In the case of electronic application it will be replaced by the online version.
  2. Foreign Identity card. Family card of the citizen of the European Union or certificate of the Central Register of foreigners or the registration of citizen of the Union.
  3. Passport full and valid in the country of origin.
  4. Birth certificate of the applicant, duly translated and legalised.
  5. Certificate of criminal record in your country of origin, translated and legalised, in accordance with existing international conventions or consular certificate issued on the basis of consultation to the competent authorities of the country of origin.
  6. Marriage certificate if the applicant is married.
  7. Proof of payment of the fee.
  8. The Central Registry of criminal record certificate. It can be replaced with the authorisation of the Ministry of Justice consultation contained in the application form.
  9. Registration certificate. Can be replaced with the authorisation of the Ministry of Justice consultation contained in the application form.
  10. Diplomas of the Instituto Cervantes of the test of constitutional and sociocultural knowledge (CCSE) and knowledge of the Spanish language (DELE). It can be replaced with the authorisation of the Ministry of Justice consultation contained in the application form. In the case of nationals of a country in which Spanish is the official language, free from the examination DELE pursuant to the rules of nationality residence, valid passport or certificate of nationality that demonstrates the exemption.

Documents that must be attached to the request for minors or people with the legal capacity modified:

a) Minors younger than 14 years old or persons with legal capacity modified must act through legal representative:

  1. Standard application form signed by the legal representative. In the case of an electronic application the version online.
  2. Birth certificate of the country of origin duly legalised and translated where necessary, in accordance with international conventions.
  3. Full Passport or identification document for citizens of countries members of the Schengen area.
  4. Proof of payment of the fee.
  5. Authorisation of the Civil Registrar of the minor’s domicile or the person with the legal capacity modified judicially, in the terms established in the current regulations.
  6. Document of identification of representative or legal representatives.
  7. Certificate of training centre, residence, reception, care, or special education that accredits the sufficient degree of integration, compulsory for school-age children.
  8. Foreign Identity card, card of residence of family member of citizen of the European Union or certificate of registration of citizen of the Union. It can be replaced with the authorisation of the Ministry of Justice consultation contained in the application form.
  9. Registration certificate. It can be replaced with the authorisation of the Ministry of Justice consultation contained in the application form.

b) Between 14 and 18 years old, not emancipated or with the legal capacity judicially modified who can represent themselves but assisted by the legal representative:

  1. Standard application. The application form must be signed both by the applicant and by their legal representatives. The online version can contain only one electronic signature but it will be required the attached scanned application on paper signed by all.
  2. Birth certificate of the country of origin duly legalised and translated where appropriate in accordance with international conventions.
  3. Full Passport ID card for citizens of countries members of the Schengen area.
  4. Proof of payment of the fee.
  5. Certificate of the Centre of training, residence or host that accredits the sufficient degree of integration. This certificate will be compulsory in minors under school age and provided that the minor or the person with the legal capacity modified is enrolled in one of these centres.
  6. Document proving legal representation. (Court order showing the representation, or document identifying the parents in the case of minors subject to parental authority.)
  7. Foreign Identity card, card of residence of the citizen´s relative who is member of the European Union or certificate of registration of citizen of the Union. It can be replaced with the authorisation of the Ministry of Justice consultation contained in the application form.
  8. Registration certificate. It can be replaced with the authorisation of the Ministry of Justice consultation contained in the application form.

B) Nationality by Charter of nature

This form of acquisition of nationality, is gracious and not subject to the General rules of administrative procedure. It can be granted discretionally by the Government via Royal Decree, after assessing the occurrence of exceptional circumstances.

See more information about nationality by Charter of nature

C) Nationality for Spanish origin

They are Spanish in origin:

  • Those born from a Spanish father or mother.
  • Those born in Spain when they are descendants of foreign parents, if at least one of the parents was born in Spain (except the children of diplomats).

See more information about nationality to Spanish origin

D) Nationality for status possession

Anyone who has owned and used this nationality for ten years, continuously, in good faith (without having knowledge of the real situation, i.e. that is not Spanish actually), and based on a title registered in the Civil Registry, could have the right to Spanish nationality.

See more information about nationality for possession of State

E) Nationality by option

The option is a benefit that our legislation offers to foreign nationals who are subject to certain conditions, so that they acquire the Spanish nationality. The individuals would have the right to acquire the Spanish nationality if:

  • They are or have been subject to the parental authority by a Spanish person.
  • The ones whose father or mother was Spanish and had been born in Spain.

 
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